Gum Overgrowth

For some people, the problem is having too much gum tissue. This is known as a ‘gummy smile’ in which the teeth may appear too small and the gums too large. Also some medications, such as phenytoin, cyclospomil, and nifedipine can cause the gums to become enlarged. Periodontists can remove excess gum tissue through a process called gingivectomy.
Restoration is a reconstruction of a portion of a tooth that has been destroyed, fractured, worn down or irreversibly affected by pathology, following treatment and appropriate tooth preparation.
The aim is to halt the progression of the carious disease and prevent further destruction of the tooth until its definitive loss, and to restore the tooth to its natural (anatomical) shape, function and, if possible, aesthetics, by replacing the lost or diseased and irrecoverable tissues with suitable ‘alloplastic’ (artificial) materials. These materials can be metallic (such as dental amalgam or gold) or of a similar (although not always identical) colour to the teeth (such as composite resins or composites, ionomers or porcelain): these are the so-called tooth-coloured restorations and sometimes the purpose is aesthetic.